21 | American legal system

Today you will learn 5 new English words related to "American legal system"

Author

SEWT Team
October 30, 2024

American legal system

Understanding the “American legal system” is crucial for you as an ESL learner. It equips you to navigate everyday situations. By learning about the American legal system, you'll be better prepared to interact with law enforcement and understand legal procedures, should you ever need them. Today’s vocabulary will foster a sense of security and empower you to participate fully in American society. So, let’s jump right in!

In today’s lesson, you’re going to have:

  • 5 advanced English vocabulary words about American legal system.

  • 15 examples of phrases that you can use on a daily basis.

  • Eye-catching images will help you learn and retain the vocabulary.

5 VOCABULARY WORDS

1. Defendant

Noun

📚 DEFINITION

A person or entity accused of a crime or sued in a civil action.

📄 Example Sentences:

  1. The defendant was acquitted of all charges after a lengthy trial.

  2. The defense attorney argued passionately on behalf of the defendant.

  3. The defendant's rights to a fair trial were upheld throughout the legal proceedings.

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2. Litigation

Noun

📚 DEFINITION

The process of taking legal action, especially through the court system.

📄 Example Sentences:

  1. The company engaged in litigation over intellectual property rights.

  2. The litigation dragged on for several years before a settlement was reached.

  3. Both parties were prepared for a lengthy litigation process.

3. Jurisdiction

Noun

📚 DEFINITION

The official power to make legal decisions and judgments, or the geographical area over which authority extends.

📄 Example Sentences:

  1. The case fell under federal jurisdiction due to its interstate implications.

  2. State courts have jurisdiction over most civil and criminal matters.

  3. The Supreme Court's jurisdiction extends to cases involving constitutional issues.

4. Bail

Noun

📚 DEFINITION

The temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on condition that a sum of money is deposited to guarantee their appearance in court.

📄 Example Sentences:

  1. The judge set bail at $10,000 for the defendant's release from custody.

  2. The defendant posted bail and was released pending trial.

  3. Bail conditions often include restrictions on travel and contact with certain individuals.

5. Negligence

Noun

📚 DEFINITION

Failure to take proper care in doing something, resulting in harm or injury to another person or entity.

📄 Example Sentences:

  1. The plaintiff sued for damages based on the defendant's negligence in maintaining the property.

  2. The jury found the doctor liable for medical negligence in the patient's care.

  3. Negligence claims require proof of breach of duty, causation, and damages.

A PARAGRAPH USING THE 5 VOCABULARY WORDS

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The American legal system can be complex, especially for newcomers. Court cases typically involve a plaintiff suing a defendant, initiating litigation within a specific jurisdiction, like a state or federal court. Depending on the severity of the case, a defendant may be required to post bail to ensure their appearance in court. Civil cases often center on issues like contracts or negligence, where one party is accused of failing to exercise proper care and causing harm to another. Understanding these basic principles can help you navigate potential legal situations with more confidence.

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