Science

ESL learners, like yourself, who study “science” develop essential English vocabulary related to the natural world and everyday objects. Science also fosters communication and collaboration as learners present findings, discuss ideas, and defend conclusions. This strengthens both written and verbal communication skills. Today’s vocabulary words will allow you to participate in deeper, more though provoking conversations about “science”. Let’s jump right in!

In today’s lesson, you’re going to have:

• 5 advanced English vocabulary words about Science.

• 15 examples of phrases that you can use on a daily basis.

• Eye-catching images will help you learn and retain the vocabulary.

1. Equilibrium

📚 DEFINITION

A state of balance between opposing forces or processes.

📄 Example Sentences:

1. Chemical reactions often reach an equilibrium state where the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.

2. A skilled tightrope walker maintains perfect equilibrium on the wire.

3. The gymnast held himself perfectly in equilibrium on the balance beam.

2. Hypothesis

📚 DEFINITION

To propose an explanation that can be tested.

📄 Example Sentences:

1. Scientists hypothesized that a new medication might be effective in treating the disease.

2. Based on the observations, the researchers hypothesized that the climate might be changing.

3. Engineers often hypothesize different solutions before testing them in prototypes.

3. Variable

📚 DEFINITION

A factor that is changed in an experiment to observe its effect on another factor.

📄 Example Sentences:

1. The scientist investigated the effect of light intensity on plant growth, using light intensity as the variable.

2. A well-designed experiment has a clear independent variable and a dependent variable that is measured.

3. Controlling all variables except the one being tested is crucial for drawing valid conclusions.

4. Observation

📚 DEFINITION

The act of noticing or perceiving something.

📄 Example Sentences:

1. Careful observation is essential for scientific inquiry.

2. Astronomers use telescopes to make detailed observations of celestial objects.

3. The doctor made careful observations of the patient's symptoms before making a diagnosis.

5. Replication

📚 DEFINITION

Repeating an experiment to confirm the results.

📄 Example Sentences:

1. Scientific findings are more reliable if the experiment can be replicated by other researchers.

2. Replication helps to ensure that the results were not due to chance or errors.

3. To ensure the effectiveness of the new vaccine, researchers conducted replications of the clinical trials at multiple locations worldwide.

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